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Most of us experience trauma of one kind or another during our lifetime. It just seems built into existence. Indeed research suggests that from 50% to 90% of us will have to cope with trauma at one time or another.

Psychological trauma is the result of experiences that leave the person feeling overwhelmed and somehow unable to cope with and fully process the feelings and emotions produced by those experiences.

With trauma, the subconscious mind has been shocked by an event, or a series of events, and this has profoundly affected the functioning of the individual.

Powerful though it may be for the traumatised individual, on a psychological level the experience itself is somehow less important than the individual’s perception and inner response to that experience.

This explains why a similar event may very well be shrugged off by one person yet creates real difficulty in another. What may be a traumatic experience for one may not be traumatic for another.

Trauma itself can happen at any time on the life journey.

It may take place in childhood, and occur as a result of experiencing or witnessing psychological or physical abuse, or extreme poverty, for example, and it can leave the child traumatised well into adulthood.

Or the trauma may have happened later in life, having its origins in abuse, accident, violence, crime, war, death or natural disaster.

Difficult though trauma may be, around 8% of the population will develop the more devastating form and symptoms of trauma known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD.

Left untreated, PTSD can have truly dire consequences for the individual, seriously affecting his or her relationships and ability to function on a work or an interpersonal level.

PTSD often results from an experience or experiences that threatened real physical harm. Sometimes, however, it can be caused by psychological and emotional trauma where there was no actual implication of physical harm.

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The total Japanese orthopedic trauma market will exceed $560 million by 2016.

This report covers the Japanese market for:

Plates and screws Intramedullary nails Intramedullary hip screws Compression hip screws Cannulated screws External fixation devices

In 2009, plates and screws represented the largest segment in the trauma market and experienced high growth due to a rapid increase in the use of titanium, hybrid and mini fragment plates in the extremities.

Within the European orthopedic trauma market, companies such as Depuy, Stryker, Synthes and Zimmer lead the market, among many others. This report provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of market revenues by device type, market forecasts through 2016, unit sales, average selling prices, market drivers and limiters and a detailed competitive analysis, including manufacturer market shares and product portfolios.



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As the fall semester is hitting the midterm, you may be one of the many students who are beginning to reevaluate their college choice. If you are considering transferring to another college or university, preparation is key to transferring without trauma.  The transfer process is similar to the application process for incoming freshmen; however there are extra steps and concerns for transfer students.

First determine for which semesters the college accepts transfer students. Although many colleges and universities accept transfer students for fall and spring semesters, many limit transfers to fall semesters only.  Your intended major may determine whether you may transfer in the spring term. This is often the situation with programs such as nursing and other healthcare majors, due the cycle of course offerings.  Alternatively, you may be accepted to the college for spring, but your acceptance to your program/major might be for the fall.

You will also need to know what the application deadlines are for transfer students. These may be different than those for incoming freshmen students.  If you received financial aid at your current college, you may need to update your FAFSA and CSS Profile information to allow the college to which you are transferring to receive your FAFSA and Profile data, to ensure prompt processing of your financial aid at that institution.  Any spring disbursements of financial aid, including loans that you received at your original college, will be cancelled. You will need to re-apply for loans for the new college. Some financial aid, such as Pell Grants and state scholarships, may be portable. This means that if you received the aid at one college and transfer within the same academic year, funds follow the student. For state scholarships, be sure to notify the state financial office of your transfer status and the name of the new institution you will be attending.



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One of the most common traps that trauma cover holders fall into is failing to pay attention to the definitions of various illnesses as defined in their policies. Much time has been wasted and tears have been shed trying to claim on trauma cover for conditions that aren’t actually insured. Today we look at how the layman’s definitions of cancer, stroke and heart attack might differ from your trauma cover policy’s definitions.

 

What Does Cancer Mean?

Most of us (quite reasonably!) would consider ourselves to have cancer if a doctor tells you that you do. However, the definition of cancer under your trauma cover may be a little more specific. This specificity is designed to protect against enormous payouts when there is no real physical or practical hardship (for example, when somebody has a small melanoma removed at the doctor’s office). These payouts would make trauma cover premiums unaffordable for those in need, so the definition of cancer usually includes restrictions like:

The necessity of the tumour being malignant The tumour or disease requiring treatment by one of the standard methods A specific Clark Stage restriction

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IV fluids are typical to any patient being treated outside of the medical center surroundings. Warmers may be linked to the intravenous tubing to both increase patient comfort and prevent additional healthcare problems. Emergency vehicle technicians didn’t always have access to this equipment due to the way it was created. Previous versions had been limited to a healthcare facility simply because of their size and power requirements. Difficult ability to move, along with wall power requirements made them inconvenient in many healthcare environments.

Intravenous warmers have been re-designed to include all the features required for outside hospital use. They are now small enough to be stored on an emergency vehicle or inside a response helicopter. Specialists can transport them to the location of an accident in the event that it is not easily accessible by ambulance. Even military limbs are making use of the newest technology improved products for combat therapy. Intravenous warmers for emergency vehicles are compact, run by battery, can be setup swiftly, warm within a minute, and are use-and-throw way. The electric battery could be charged up again to supply constant accessibility during any kind of urgent situation.



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Tinnitus Trauma

It is remarkable the total sum of rock stars of the 60s who experience from tinnitus hearing loss. Just for starters, the insert includes Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, Pete Townshend and John Entwhistle of The Who, Dave Swarbrick of Fairport Convention, John Densmore of The Doors, Ozzy Osbourne, Neil Young, Al Jardine of the Beach Boys, Ted Nugent… Tinnitus Trauma

Okay, maybe some would consider this a like-duhh drawback of being a rock star and performing concerts with speakers as big as low-rises blaring within inches of your tender ears. Who can’t remember how our parents would warn us back then that the volume we kept cranking on the stereo would exact a price later on? Their words of caution went in one ear and out the other, so to speak. Because the music of the day from all our idols like Clapton, Jeff Beck, The Who, The Doors, etc. was best enjoyed at top volume.

Today, there is not much comfort in knowing we are not alone. It doesn’t make it any easier to cope with the sirens wailing inside our ears and our heads, stressing us out and keeping us tossing and turning at night, to know that it’s now something we have in common with our 60s rock heroes. For now we are all tinnitus sufferers.



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Working at height

After the fall – Suspension Trauma/Orthostatic intolerance – the need to plan for rescue

Roger H Smith of Leading Edge emphasises the importance of thorough rescue planning

Planning for rescue and emergencies when employees work at height is a legal and moral responsibility for all employers. Regulation 4(1) of the Work at Height Regulations 2005 obliges employers to ensure all work at height is properly planned, and Regulation 4(2) notes that “planning of work includes planning for emergencies and rescue”.

Often we think of rescue as simply a matter of dialing 999, but calling the local fire brigade does not add up to an effective rescue plan. Response times can be too long and not all brigades have the capability to rescue from height.

Even in the most safety conscious employers’ workplaces accidents happen, so a rescue plan is an essential component of working at height and should be managed via a working at height method statement and risk assessment, and be ingrained through training and practice.

The lack of any form of post-fall rescue plan – relying on employees improvising to rescue a colleague — not only puts the victim at risk, but also puts rescuers in harms way. Unplanned attempts at rescue often result in secondary and tertiary injuries or fatalities.

Time is tight

The reason planned rescue by trained people is so important is that the danger is far from over when the fall arrest equipment does its job. Anyone hanging in a harness is at risk of suspension trauma; as the blood drains from the top half of their body, depriving the brain of oxygen. The critical thing is to get them to the ground as quickly as possible — any more than 10 minutes in suspension and the risk of irreparable damage increases rapidly (see HSW February 2006).

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Facial trauma, also known as maxillofacial trauma, can be incredibly difficult to overcome, especially in our society, It takes a skilled hand and usually numerous surgeries to repair maxillofacial trauma, and in many cases a complete and full recovery is hard to come by. Maxillofacial surgeons are highly trained to recognize and operate on facial trauma.

 

Things like burns to the face, fractured bones, lacerations or bruises can sometimes need maxillofacial surgery to correct. In other cases, these conditions need reconstructive surgery as well as plastic surgery to regain all original function. Trauma to the face can affect everything from breathing, eating, talking, vision, and even the nerves that extend to the brain. In the most severe cases, head trauma can lead to bleeding in the brain and can ultimately be deadly.



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TRAUMA:  AN IMPORTANT EXCITING CAUSE OF CANCER

 

  A teenager got his left hand’s finger traumatised while cutting vegetable with a kitchen knife.  After some time, a big hard swelling developed on his left upper arm.  Doctors in a govt. hospital diagnosed it to be a case of caner and advised the parents of the amputation of the arm.  The parents did not agree to the advice.  They took the boy to a quack.  He is said to have incised the swelling and sprinkled a mixture of some toxic ingredients on the wound.

 

  Subsequently, either due to the action of toxic substance or the spread of the disease, the whole limb got enormously swollen and oozed abnormal serous discharge, the arm looking like mummy.  Meanwhile, the parents consulted physicians of other alternative system of medicine but of no use.  The progress of the disease after the incision was so rapid that the development of hard nodular swelling itself was an indication of advanced stage of the disease pathology.  The boy died within 6 months after inflicting injury to his finger.

 

  Another teenager, while driving a motor cycle, was suddenly stopped by some lads in a city market to offer him “Sharbat” on a religious day.  He could not control the vehicle and fell down.  His visceras were severely traumatised.  Splenectomy was performed.  He had bled profusely and could be saved by giving heavy blood  transfusion only.

 

  About 10 years after the said incident, the boy developed a pain like that of Appendicitis and got his appendix removed by a private surgeon.  After that a couple  of months of  the appendectomy, there appeared to be a big nodular swelling of lymph node on the right side of the neck  of the patient.  On detailed investigations, doctors found carcinoma of right kidney as the cause.  Nephrectomy was done at a medical college hospital, after which the swelling subsided but ultrasound report showed infiltration in the surrounding visceral lymph nodes and the liver.

 

  The patient started having low-grade fever some time after nephrectomy, which could not subside even by antipyretics prescribed by the concerned doctors.  The other day, temperature rose to 104 degrees Fahrenheit.  The patient also felt cramping pain in the belly.  The attendant consulted doctors of alternative system of medicine who though brought down the temperature and pain but the patient meanwhile developed severe Jaundice, Ascites, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting.  For tapping of ascetic fluid, the patient got admitted in the hospital quite often.  Meanwhile, the patient became very weak and remained in moribund condition for some days and then died.

 

  Mr. Rajja Pahalwi, the late Shah of Iran, some time after his deportment developed cancer.  He seemed to have got a severe shock, rather traumatised due to the manner, he was dethroned and deported to an alien country as a refugee.  In spite of the best available treatment which the Shah might have got, he died of cancer.

(As reported in media)

 

  Begum Nusrat Bhutto, widow of the former Pak P.M. Zulfiquar Ali Bhutto, developed cancer soon after her husband was hanged to death.  She might have been tormented during her husband’s trial and hence got traumatised.  Soon after the ailment was diagnosed as cancer, she was treated successfully.  She had been very much active in public life until a few years ago and is still leading a normal life.

(As reported in media)

 

  The late cine artist, Sanjeev Kumar (Hari Bhai Jariwala, Mumbai, India) was a bachelor whole life.  He was very much attached to his mother, who always wished him to marry.  But Sanjeev Kumar could not find the lady of his choice.  His mother died without her cherished desire being fulfilled to see her “Bahu”.  Mr. Kumar might have got a shock on 2 counts, first he could not fulfil his mother’s wish and 2, he could not marry the woman whom he loved most.  This mental trauma could have been the cause for Kumar developing cancer.  He died despite the best available  treatment, which he might have received.

(As reported in media)

 

  Then there is a case of a lady who was of 50+ age.  She was suspected cancer of bowel but could not be diagnosed so as she refused to undergo the biopsy test for confirmation.  Instead of going in for pathological investigation, she chose for an alternative system of medicine.  As luck would have been, she got right kind of  treatment, at the right time and was saved from becoming an actual cancer patient and certain death as a result thereof.  Her story goes thus:

 

  Mrs. Y.K. was a mother of 3 grown up daughters.   2 of them were well off, the third an engineering graduate and of marriageable age.  Her husband was a gazetted officer in the state govt. service.  The lady once suffered from loose motions.  She consulted an allopath postgraduate degree holder but could not be cured.  Rather the disease took chronic course of dysentery.  The attending physician ultimately referred the patient for biopsy examination, suspecting her a case of bowel malignancy.  As referred earlier, instead of biopsy test, she consulted the writer.

 

  On the basis of presenting symptoms as narrated by the patient, she got relief with the very first prescription in the beginning but the symptoms subsequently got relapsed.  Once her husband came alone and reminded me about the history of cancer in the family, which in fact, I had missed to take cognizance of.  On her next visit, I  examined the case afresh.

 

  She was a gentle looking and mild natured, fair in complexion, medium built and a graduate.  She told me that she had no worry or tension of any kind except that her husband least talked to her whenever he is at home.  He on the other hand, was very talkative and friendly with their daughters as well as whoever came to their house.  Her only grievance was that she sacrificed her education for the sake of the family’s welfare but her husband never paid the due attention she deserved.

 

  In fact, she needed caressing which she might have been getting during her unmarried and early married life, and which normally is not possible in the advanced age.  In other words she was being traumatised and proceeding towards cancer of the bowel or the rectum.  The medicine was selected on the basis of her mental state and not only her physical ailment of dysenteric stools became all right but her mental trauma also got cured.  Later, she was given a medicine based on her family history to get removed her cancer diathesis.  Thereafter no relapse of the said disease occurred.  She is hale and hearty even after 10 years now.

 

  The above noted causes of cancer fall mainly in 2 categories so far the disease pathology is concerned:  (1) The reversible and (2) the irreversible stages of the disease.  The patient who respond to any kind of treatment, medicinal or surgical, and remain okay for a long time belong to reversible stage of the disease pathology.  Those who do not respond to any kind of treatment and ultimately die due to the disease, belong to irreversible stage of the disease pathology.

 

ABOUT CANCER

 

  One need not be surprised to learn that cancer is not a disease in itself but is the outcome of some kind of internal disturbance that takes place at the mental/physical or both the planes as a result of trauma whether physical, mental, or both and “where there is perverted attempt of the natural healing of the body.  Actual disease is already the whole systemic trouble and the body tries to localize the condition which is the so called cancer”.

                                                                                    (Dr.  W.E. Jackson, M.D.)

 

  Some of the cancer cases mentioned above were treated successfully while a few could not be.  These are only a handful cases out of innumerable cases which the physicians of all systems of medicine encounter day today.  Although each case seems different from one another depending upon the age, sex, and cell-tissue, organ involved, there are many common features in cancer patients such as unbearable pain, anxiety-restlessness, fear of death, protracted illness, cancer cachexia, etc.  Most of the cancer patients have one thing very common; that is their stamina or the endurance to tolerate all above noted sufferings.

 

  It can be safely concluded that cancer is the outcome of the exciting cause; the trauma and the greater bearing power of the person concerned.  In other words, we can say that the cancer is the ailment affecting those whose body did not suffer much physically or  mentally in the past and thus reacts more vigorously to any kind of exciting or triggering factor; the trauma.  Ask any cancer patient, you will come to know that he/she was the person who had had rarely suffered from any kind of trauma previously.  Had their trauma bearing power involved as in the case of other people who suffer from one or other kind of the traumatic effects, their trauma bearing mechanism would have been well adapted.



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Pediatric trauma is the leading cause of death and severe injury among children in the United States. In order for a doctor to properly care for a child experiencing such trauma, the doctor must have special knowledge, know precise management, and pay extreme attention to details. Every single person who comes in contact with the injured child must be familiar with modern trauma care in children.

Pediatric Trauma Care History

Peter Kottmeier established the very first pediatric trauma unit in 1962 at the Kings County Hospital Center in Brooklyn, New York. Later in 1976, the Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient was published by the American College of Surgeons. This booklet finally established requirements that a pediatric trauma center should meet. Starting in 1985, the National Pediatric Trauma Registry began collecting data on pediatric accidents. The United States alone houses eighty one accredited pediatric trauma programs today.



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